> > > > > >
NOTES:
Source
(Aug. 16, 1954, ch. 736, 68A Stat. 138; , title I, § 24, Sept. 2, 1958, ; , § 3, Oct. 10, 1962, ; , § 2(b), Oct. 23, 1962, ; , title II, § 204(a), (b)(2), (3), Nov. 13, 1966, ; , title III, § 321(b)(3), Dec. 30, 1969, ; , title II, §§ 1013(c),
,
, (g)(2)(E), (F),
2004
(b), (c)(1),
2007
(a), (b), title IV, § 4401(a), formerly § 4081(a), Sept. 2, 1974, , 929, 952, 957, 986, 993, 994, 1033, renumbered § 4401(a), , title I, § 108(a), Sept. 26, 1980, ; , § 1(c)(3), Apr. 15, 1976, ; , title XV, § 1502(a)(2), title XIX, §§ 1901(a)(59),
1906
(b)(13)(A), Oct. 4, 1976, , 1774, 1834; , title I, §§ 133(a), (b),
,
, Nov. 6, 1978, , 2795, 2799; , title I, § 101(a)(10)(E), (J)(ii), Apr. 1, 1980, , 204; , title II, § 205, Sept. 26, 1980, ; , title III, §§ 312(a),
,
, Aug. 13, 1981, , 293, 296; , title II, §§ 235(f),
237
(e)(2),
238
(a),
253
(b), Sept. 3, 1982, , 512, 533; , div. A, title IV, § 474(r)(14), title V, §§ 512(a),
, title VII, § 713(b)(3), (d)(4)(A), (5), (6), (9), July 18, 1984, , 862, 890, 957, 958; , title XI, § 11011(c)(1), (2), Apr. 7, 1986, , 258; , title XI, §§ 1106(d)(2),
1108
(c),
1112
(d)(2),
1131
(a), (b),
1136
(b),
1171
(b)(6),
1173
(a), title XVIII, §§ 1848(c),
1851
(b)(2)(A)–(C)(ii), 1854(b)(2)–(5), 1875(c)(7), Oct. 22, 1986, , 2433, 2445, 2476, 2477, 2486, 2513, 2515, 2857, 2863, 2878, 2895; , title IX, § 9307(c), (d), title X, § 10201(b)(2), (3), Dec. 22, 1987, , 1330–387; , title I, §§ 1011(d)(1), (4), (f)(6),
1011A
(e)(4),
1011B
(h)(3), (6),
, (5), title II, § 2005(b), Nov. 10, 1988, , 3463, 3478, 3491, 3492, 3588, 3589, 3610; , title VII, §§ 7302(a),
7841
(b)(1), Dec. 19, 1989, , 2428; , title XI, § 11812(b)(7), Nov. 5, 1990, ; , title V, § 522(a)(2), July 3, 1992, ; , title XIII, § 13212(c)(1), Aug. 10, 1993, ; , title VII, § 751(a)(11), Dec. 8, 1994, ; , title I, §§ 1316(d)(1), (2),
1421
(b)(2),
1431
(b)(3),
,
1704
(q)(1), (t)(76), Aug. 20, 1996, , 1795, 1803, 1823, 1887, 1891; , title XV, § 1530(c)(2), title XVI, § 1601(d)(2)(C), Aug. 5, 1997, , 1088; , title VI, § 6015(d), title VII, § 7001(a), July 22, 1998, , 827; , title VI, §§ 611(c)(1),
,
–(b)(2)(A), 632(a)(3)(B), 652(a), 662(a), (b), June 7, 2001, , 102, 103, 114, 129, 142; , title IV, § 411(l)(1), (2), (4), (s), (w), Mar. 9, 2002, , 51, 52.)
Amendment of Section
For termination of amendment by section 901 of , see Effective and Termination Dates of 2001 Amendment note below.
References in Text
The Social Security Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(C), is act Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, , as amended. Title II of the Social Security Act is classified generally to subchapter II (§ 401 et seq.) of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section
of Title
and Tables.
Section
, referred to in subsec. (a)(2), was repealed by , title II, § 237(b), Sept. 3, 1982, . A new section
was added by , title XI, § 1106(d)(1), Oct. 22, 1986, .
The date of the enactment of the Tax Reform Act of 1986, referred to in subsec. (a)(3)(A)(v)(II), is the date of enactment of , which was approved Oct. 22, 1986.
The employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, referred to in subsecs. (a)(1)(D)(iv), (g)(1), (3)(B), (C), (4), is , Sept. 2, 1974, , as amended, which is classified principally to chapter 18 (§ 1001 et seq.) of Title 29, Labor. Part 1 of subtitle E of title IV of the employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 is classified generally to part 1 (§ 1381 et seq.) of subtitle
of subchapter
of chapter
of Title
. Sections 4022, 4041, 4062, 4063, and 4064 of the employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 are classified to sections
,
,
,
, and
, respectively, of Title
. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section
of Title
and Tables.
The date of the enactment of the Retirement Protection Act of 1994, referred to in subsec. (g)(4), is the date of enactment of subtitle F (§§ 750–781) of title VII of , which was approved Dec. 8, 1994.
Amendments
2002—Subsec. (a)(1)(D)(iv). , § 411(s), substituted “Special rule for terminating plans” for “Plans maintained by professional service employers” in heading.
Subsec. (a)(7)(C). , § 411(l)(4), reenacted heading without change and amended text generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “This paragraph shall not have the effect of reducing the amount otherwise deductible under paragraphs (1), (2), and (3), if no employee is a beneficiary under more than 1 trust or under a trust and an annuity plan.”
Subsec. (a)(12). , § 411(l)(1), substituted “(9) and subsection (h)(1)(C),” for “(9),”.
Subsec. (k)(1). , § 411(w)(1)(A), struck out “during the taxable year” after “such corporation”.
Subsec. (k)(2)(B). , § 411(w)(1)(B), substituted “(A)(iv)” for “(A)(iii)”.
Subsec. (k)(4)(B), (C). , § 411(w)(1)(C), (D), substituted “clause (iv)” for “clause (iii)” in subpar. (B), added a new subpar. (B), and redesignated former subpar. (B) as (C).
Subsec. (k)(7). , § 411(w)(2), added par. (7).
Subsec. (n). , § 411(l)(2), substituted “subsection (a) or paragraph (1)(C) of subsection (h)” for “subsection (a),”.
2001—Subsec. (a)(1)(A). , §§ 616(a)(2)(B)(i),
, temporarily inserted “(other than a trust to which paragraph (3) applies)” after “pension trust” in introductory provisions. See Effective and Termination Dates of 2001 Amendment note below.
Subsec. (a)(1)(D). , §§ 652(a),
, temporarily reenacted heading without change and amended text generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “In the case of any defined benefit plan (other than a multiemployer plan) which has more than 100 participants for the plan year, except as provided in regulations, the maximum amount deductible under the limitations of this paragraph shall not be less than the unfunded current liability determined under section
. For purposes of determining whether a plan has more than 100 participants, all defined benefit plans maintained by the same employer (or any member of such employer’s controlled group (within the meaning of section
)) shall be treated as 1 plan, but only employees of such member or employer shall be taken into account.” See Effective and Termination Dates of 2001 Amendment note below.
Subsec. (a)(3)(A)(i)(I). , §§ 616(a)(1)(A),
, temporarily substituted “25 percent” for “15 percent”. See Effective and Termination Dates of 2001 Amendment note below.
Subsec. (a)(3)(A)(v). , §§ 616(a)(2)(A),
, temporarily amended cl. (v) generally, substituting present provisions for provisions which directed that the limitation of cl. (i) for any taxable year would be increased by the unused pre-87 limitation carryforwards and defined “unused pre-87 limitation carryforwards”. See Effective and Termination Dates of 2001 Amendment note below.
Subsec. (a)(3)(B). , §§ 616(b)(2)(A),
, temporarily struck out at end “The term ‘compensation otherwise paid or accrued during the taxable year to all employees’ shall include any amount with respect to which an election under section
is in effect, but only to the extent that any contribution with respect to such amount is nonforfeitable.” See Effective and Termination Dates of 2001 Amendment note below.
Subsec. (a)(10)(B). , §§ 632(a)(3)(B),
, temporarily struck out “, the exclusion allowance under section
,” after “deferrals under section
”. See Effective and Termination Dates of 2001 Amendment note below.
Subsec. (a)(12). , §§ 616(b)(1),
, temporarily added par. (12). See Effective and Termination Dates of 2001 Amendment note below.
Subsec. (h)(1)(C). , §§ 616(a)(1)(B),
, temporarily substituted “25 percent” for “15 percent” in two places. See Effective and Termination Dates of 2001 Amendment note below.
Subsec. (h)(2). , §§ 616(a)(2)(B)(ii), (iii),
, temporarily substituted “certain trusts” for “stock bonus and profit-sharing trust” in heading and “trust subject to subsection (a)(3)(A)” for “stock bonus or profit-sharing trust” in text. See Effective and Termination Dates of 2001 Amendment note below.
Subsec. (k)(2)(A)(iii), (iv). , §§ 662(a),
, temporarily added cl. (iii) and redesignated former cl. (iii) as (iv). See Effective and Termination Dates of 2001 Amendment note below.
Subsec. (k)(5)(A). , §§ 662(b),
, temporarily inserted “avoidance or” before “evasion”. See Effective and Termination Dates of 2001 Amendment note below.
Subsec. (l). , §§ 611(c)(1),
, temporarily substituted “$200,000” for “$150,000” in two places. See Effective and Termination Dates of 2001 Amendment note below.
Subsec. (n). , §§ 614(a),
, temporarily added subsec. (n). See Effective and Termination Dates of 2001 Amendment note below.
1998—Subsec. (a)(9)(C), (D). , § 6015(d), redesignated subpar. (C), relating to qualified gratuitous transfers, as (D) and inserted heading.
Subsec. (a)(11). , § 7001(a), added par. (11).
1997—Subsec. (a)(3)(A)(i). , § 1601(d)(2)(C)(i), substituted “not in excess of the greater of—” and subcls. (I) and (II) for “not in excess of 15 percent of the compensation otherwise paid or accrued during the taxable year to the beneficiaries under the stock bonus or profit-sharing plan.”
Subsec. (a)(3)(A)(ii). , § 1601(d)(2)(C)(ii), substituted “the amount described in subclause (I) or (II) of clause (i), whichever is greater, with respect to such taxable year.” for “15 percent of the compensation otherwise paid or accrued during such taxable year to the beneficiaries under the plan.”
Subsec. (a)(9)(C). , § 1530(c)(2), added subpar. (C) relating to qualified gratuitous transfers.
1996—Subsec. (a)(2). , § 1704(t)(76), struck out “(18),” after “(17),”.
Subsec. (a)(9)(C). , § 1316(d)(1), added subpar. (C) relating to S corporations.
Subsec. (a)(10). , § 1461(b), added par. (10).
Subsec. (j)(1). , § 1704(q)(1), substituted “(9)” for “(10)” in introductory provisions.
Subsec. (k)(1). , § 1316(d)(2), substituted “a C corporation” for “a corporation”.
Subsec. (l). , § 1431(b)(3), struck out at end “In determining the compensation of an employee, the rules of section
shall apply, except that in applying such rules, the term ‘family’ shall include only the spouse of the employee and any lineal descendants of the employee who have not attained age 19 before the close of the year.”
Subsec. (m). , § 1421(b)(2), added subsec. (m).
1994—Subsec. (g)(4). substituted “the Retirement Protection Act of 1994” for “the Single-Employer Pension Plan Amendments Act of 1986”.
1993—Subsec. (l). substituted “$150,000” for “$200,000” in first sentence and “The Secretary shall adjust the $150,000 amount at the same time, and by the same amount, as any adjustment under section
.” for “The Secretary shall adjust the $200,000 amount at the same time and in the same manner as under section
.”
1992—Subsec. (a)(2). substituted “(27), and (31)” for “and (27)”.
1990—Subsec. (a)(1)(C). substituted “section
” for “section
”.
1989—Subsec. (g)(1). , § 7841(b)(1), inserted “4041(b),” after “under section”.
Subsec. (k). , § 7302(a), amended subsec. (k) generally, substituting “Deduction for dividends paid on certain employer securities” for “Dividends paid deductions” in heading and pars. (1) to (6) for former pars. (1) and (2) and concluding provisions.
1988—Subsec. (a)(1)(D). , § 2005(b)(3), struck out “(without regard to any reduction by the credit balance in the funding standard account)” after “under section
”.
, § 2005(b)(1), substituted “For purposes of determining whether a plan has more than 100 participants” for “For purposes of this subparagraph”.
Subsec. (a)(7)(A). , § 2005(b)(2), inserted at end “For purposes of clause (ii), if paragraph (1)(D) applies to a defined benefit plan for any plan year, the amount necessary to satisfy the minimum funding standard provided by section
with respect to such plan for such plan year shall not be less than the unfunded current liability of such plan under section
.”
, § 1011A(e)(4)(A), in introductory provisions, substituted “foregoing paragraphs” for “foregoing provisions” and inserted “or in connection with trusts or plans described in 2 or more of such paragraphs” after “defined benefit plans”.
Subsec. (a)(8)(D). , § 1018(t)(5), made technical correction to , § 1875(c)(7)(B), see 1986 Amendment note below.
Subsec. (h)(1)(C). , § 1011(f)(6), inserted “(or during the taxable year in the case of a taxable year described in subparagraph (A)(ii))” after “within the taxable year”.
Subsec. (h)(3). , § 1011A(e)(4)(B), substituted “Coordination with subsection (a)(7)” for “Effect on limit on deductions” in heading and amended text generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “For any taxable year for which the employer has a deduction under paragraph (1), the otherwise applicable 25 percent limitations in subsection (a)(7) shall be reduced by the amount of the allowable deductions under paragraph (1) with respect to participants in the stock bonus or profit-sharing trust.”
Subsec. (k). , § 1011B(h)(3)(A), inserted “(whether or not allocated to participants)” after “to employer securities” in par. (2)(C).
, § 1011B(h)(6), substituted “or as engaging in a prohibited transaction for purposes of section
merely by reason of any distribution or payment” for “merely by reason of any distribution” in third sentence.
, § 1018(t)(4)(A), substituted “evasion of taxation” for “avoidance of taxation” in fourth sentence.
, § 1011B(h)(3)(B), inserted at end “Paragraph (2)(C) shall not apply to dividends from employer securities which are allocated to any participant unless the plan provides that employer securities with a fair market value not less than the amount of such dividends are allocated to such participant for the year which (but for paragraph (2)(C)) such dividends would have been allocated to such participant.”
Subsec. (l). , § 1011(d)(4), inserted at end “In determining the compensation of an employee, the rules of section
shall apply, except that in applying such rules, the term ‘family’ shall include only the spouse of the employee and any lineal descendants of the employee who have not attained age 19 before the close of the year.”
, § 1011(d)(1), inserted at end “For purposes of clause (i), (ii), or (iii) of subsection (a)(1)(A), and in computing the full funding limitation, any adjustment under the preceding sentence shall not be taken into account for any year before the year for which such adjustment first takes effect.”
1987—Subsec. (a)(1)(A)(iii). , § 9307(d), inserted “the unfunded costs attributable to” after “to amortize”.
Subsec. (a)(1)(D), (E). , § 9307(c), added subpar. (D) and redesignated former subpar. (D) as (E).
Subsec. (a)(5). , § 10201(b)(3), inserted at end “For purposes of this section, any vacation pay which is treated as deferred compensation shall be deductible for the taxable year of the employer in which paid to the employee.”
Subsec. (b)(2)(B). , § 10201(b)(2), substituted “Exception” for “Exception for certain benefits” in heading and amended text generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “Subparagraph (A) shall not apply to—
“(i) any benefit provided through a welfare benefit fund (as defined in section
), or
“(ii) any benefit with respect to which an election under section
applies.”
1986—Subsec. (a). , § 1851(b)(2)(C)(i), substituted “this chapter; but, if they would otherwise be deductible” for “section
(relating to trade or business expenses) or section
(relating to expenses for the production of income); but, if they satisfy the conditions of either of such sections”.
Subsec. (a)(2). , § 1136(b), substituted “(26), and (27)” for “and (26)”.
, § 1112(d)(2), substituted “(22), and (26)” for “and (22)”.
Subsec. (a)(3)(A). , § 1131(a), amended subpar. (A) generally, revising and restating as cls. (i) to (v) provisions formerly contained in single paragraph.
Subsec. (a)(7). , § 1131(b), amended par. (7) generally, revising and restating as subpars. (A) to (C) provisions formerly contained in single paragraph, and adding subpar. (D).
Subsec. (a)(8)(C). , § 1875(c)(7)(A), inserted “(determined without regard to the deductions allowed by this section)”.
Subsec. (a)(8)(D). , § 1875(c)(7)(B), as amended by , § 1018(t)(5), struck out “(determined without regard to the deductions allowed by this section)” after “earned income of such individual”.
, § 1848(c), substituted “the deduction allowed by this section” for “the deductions allowed by this section and section
”.
Subsec. (b). , § 1851(b)(2)(B)(i), substituted “certain” for “unfunded” in heading.
Subsec. (b)(2). , § 1851(b)(2)(A), (B)(ii), substituted “certain” for “unfunded” in heading, and in subpar. (B)(ii), substituted “any benefit” for “to any benefit”.
Subsec. (d). , § 1851(b)(2)(C)(ii), substituted “under this chapter” for “under section
or
” in pars. (1) and (2).
Subsec. (g)(3). , § 11011(c)(1), amended par. (3) generally. Prior to the amendment, par. (3), coordination with subsection (a), read as follows: “Any payment described in paragraph (1) shall (subject to the last sentence of subsection (a)(1)(A)) be deductible under this section when paid.”
Subsec. (g)(4). , § 11011(c)(2), added par. (4).
Subsec. (h)(1)(A), (B). , § 1108(c), amended subpars. (A) and (B) generally. Prior to amendment, subpars. (A) and (B) read as follows:
“(A) Contributions made for a calendar year are deductible for the taxable year with which or within which the calendar year ends.
“(B) Contributions made within 31/2 months after the close of a calendar year are treated as if they were made on the last day of such calendar year if they are made on account of such calendar year.”
Subsec. (i). , § 1171(b)(6), struck out subsec. (i) relating to the deductibility of unused portions of employee stock ownership credit.
Subsec. (k). , § 1854(b)(2)(B), struck out “during the taxable year” after “cash by such corporation” in introductory provisions.
, § 1854(b)(4), inserted “The Secretary may disallow the deduction under this subsection for any dividend if the Secretary determines that such dividend constitutes, in substance, an avoidance of taxation.”
, § 1854(b)(3), inserted “A plan to which this subsection applies shall not be treated as violating the requirements of section
,
, or
merely by reason of any distribution described in paragraph (2).”
, § 1854(b)(2)(A), inserted “Any deduction under subparagraph (A) or (B) of paragraph (2) shall be allowed in the taxable year of the corporation in which the dividend is paid or distributed to the participant under paragraph (2).”
, § 1173(a)(2), inserted “Any deduction under paragraph (2)(C) shall be allowable in the taxable year of the corporation in which the dividend is used to repay the loan described in such paragraph.”
Subsec. (k)(2)(A), (B). , § 1854(b)(5), inserted “or their beneficiaries”.
Subsec. (k)(2)(C). , § 1173(a)(1), added subpar. (C).
Subsec. (l). , § 1106(d)(2), added subsec. (l).
1984—Subsec. (a)(8)(D). , § 713(d)(6), inserted “(determined without regard to the deductions allowed by this section and section
)”.
Subsec. (a)(9), (10). , § 713(d)(4)(A), struck out par. (9) relating to plans benefiting self-employed individuals and redesignated par. (10) as (9).
Subsec. (b). , § 512(a), amended subsec. (b) generally, inserting heading, redesignating former heading as par. (1) heading, designating existing provisions as par. (1), and in par. (1) as so designated, inserted “(including a plan described in paragraph (2))” after “compensation” and adding par. (2).
Subsec. (e). , § 713(d)(9), substituted “under paragraph (1), (2), or (3) of subsection (a)” for “under this section”.
Subsec. (f). , § 713(b)(3), repealed subsec. (f) which related to certain loan repayments considered as contributions.
Subsec. (h)(4). , § 713(d)(5), repealed par. (4) which related to effect on self-employed individuals or shareholder-employees.
Subsec. (i). , § 474(r)(14), in par. (1), substituted “If any portion of the employee stock ownership credit determined under section
for any taxable year has not, after the application of section
, been allowed under section
for any taxable year, such portion shall be allowed as a deduction (without regard to any limitations provided under this section) for the last taxable year to which such portion could have been allowed as a credit under section
” for “There shall be allowed as a deduction (without regard to any limitations provided under this section) for the last taxable year to which an unused employee stock ownership credit carryover (within the meaning of section
) may be carried, an amount equal to the portion of such unused credit carryover which expires at the close of such taxable year”, and in par. (2), substituted references to section
and
for references to section
and
, respectively.
Subsec. (k). , § 542(a), added subsec. (k).
1982—Subsec. (a)(2). , § 237(e)(2), substituted “(8), (9)” for “(8)”, and “401(a)(10) and of section
” for “401(a)(9), (10), (17), and (18) and of section
(other than paragraph (1))”.
Subsec. (a)(3)(B). , § 253(b), inserted provision that “compensation otherwise paid or accrued during the taxable year to all employees” shall include any amount with respect to which an election under section
is in effect, but only to the extent that any contribution with respect to such amount is nonforfeitable.
Subsec. (e). , § 238(a), amended subsec. (e) generally, substituting provisions relating to contributions allocable to life insurance protection for self-employed individuals, for provisions relating to general requirements, contributions made under more than one plan, contributions allocable to insurance protection, and limitations of not lower than $750 or 100 percent of earned income with respect to special limitations for self-employed individuals.
Subsec. (j). , § 235(f), added subsec. (j).
1981—Subsec. (a)(10). , § 333(a), added par. (10).
Subsec. (e). , § 312(a), substituted in pars. (1) and (2)(A) “$15,000” for “$7,500”.
Subsec. (i). , § 331(b), added subsec. (i).
1980—Subsec. (g). redesignated existing provisions as par. (1), inserted applicability to part 1 of subtitle E of title IV of employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, and added pars. (2) and (3).
Subsec. (h). inserted “or shareholder employees” after “individuals” in heading, and in par. (4) “or described in section
” after “of subsection (e)” and “or a shareholder-employee (as defined in section
)” after “section
” and substituted in pars. (2) to (4) “paragraph (1)” for “subparagraph (1)”.
1978—Subsec. (a)(2). , § 141(f)(9), substituted “(20), and (22)” for “and (20)”.
Subsec. (b). , § 133(b), substituted “other plan” for “similar plan”.
Subsec. (d). , § 133(a), added subsec. (d).
Subsec. (h). , § 152(f), added subsec. (h).
1976—Subsecs. (a)(1)(B), (8)(C). , § 1906(b)(13)(A), struck out “or his delegate” after “Secretary”.
Subsec. (a)(2). substituted “(19), and (20)” for “and (19)”.
Subsec. (d). , § 1901(a)(59), struck out subsec. (d) which related to the taxability of the beneficiary under certain forfeitable contracts purchased by exempt organizations.
Subsecs. (e)(2)(B), (3). , § 1906(b)(13)(A), struck out “or his delegate” after “Secretary”.
Subsec. (e)(4). , § 1502(a)(2), inserted provisions following subpar. (B).
1974—Subsec. (a)(1). , § 1013(c)(1), expanded subpars. (A), (B), and (C) to accommodate the increased minimum funding standards required by section
.
Subsec. (a)(2). , §§ 1016(a)(3),
,
2004
(c)(1), inserted references to the requirements of section
, (12), (13), (14), (15), (16), (17), (18), and (19), and, if applicable, the requirements of section
and (18).
Subsec. (a)(3)(A). , § 2004(b), inserted “, but the amount so deductible under this sentence in any one succeeding taxable year together with the amount so deductible under the first sentence of this subparagraph shall not exceed 25 percent of the compensation otherwise paid or accrued during such taxable year to the beneficiaries under the plan” after “If in any taxable year there is paid into the trust, or a similar trust then in effect, amounts less than the amounts deductible under the preceding sentence, the excess, or if no amount is paid, the amounts deductible, shall be carried forward and be deductible when paid in the succeeding taxable years in order of time, but the amount so deductible under this sentence in any such succeeding taxable year shall not exceed 15 percent of the compensation otherwise paid or accrued during such succeeding taxable year to the beneficiaries under the plan”.
Subsec. (a)(6). , § 1013(c)(2), substituted provisions covering only taxpayers operating on the accrual basis for provisions covering the time when contributions shall be deemed made.
Subsec. (a)(7). , § 1013(c)(3), inserted reference to the amount of contributions made to or under the trusts or plans to the extent such contributions do not exceed the amount of employer contributions necessary to satisfy the minimum funding standards provided by section
for the plan year which ends with or within such taxable year (or for any prior plan year) and substituted “25 percent” for “30 percent” in provision covering amounts paid into trusts or under an annuity plan in any taxable year in excess of the amount allowable with respect to such year.
Subsec. (a)(9)(B)(ii). , § 2001(g)(2)(F), substituted “the second sentence of paragraph (3)” for “paragraph (1)(D), the second and third sentences of paragraph (3), and the second sentence of paragraph (7)”.
Subsec. (c). , § 2008(a), (b), substituted “or pensions” for “and pensions” in par. (1), substituted “The first and third sentences of this subsection” for “This subsection” in provisions covering amounts contributed to a trust on or after any date on which such trust is qualified for exemption from tax under section
, inserted provisions setting out specified treatment to be accorded individuals who before July 1, 1974, were participants in plans described in the subsections, and inserted provision that section
(relating to deductions incurred by certain membership organizations in transactions with members) does not apply to any trust described in the subsection.
Subsec. (e)(1). , § 2001(a)(1), substituted “subject to paragraphs (2) and (4), not exceed $7,500, or 15 percent” for “subject to the provisions of paragraph (2), not exceed $2,500, or 10 percent”.
Subsec. (e)(2)(A). , § 2001(a)(2), substituted “shall (subject to paragraph (4)) not exceed $7,500, or 15 percent” for “shall not exceed $2,500 or 10 percent”.
Subsec. (e)(4). , § 2001(a)(3), added par. (4).
Subsec. (g). , § 4081(a), added subsec. (g).
1969—Subsec. (a)(5). substituted “If the plan is not one included in paragraph (1), (2), or (3), in the taxable year in which an amount attributable to the contribution is includible in the gross income of employees participating in the plan, but, in the case of a plan in which more than one employee participates only if separate accounts are maintained for each employee” for “In the taxable year when paid, if the plan is not one included in paragraph (1), (2), or (3), if the employees’ rights to or derived from such employer’s contribution or such compensation are nonforfeitable at the time the contribution or compensation is paid”.
1966—Subsec. (a). , § 204(a), repealed par. (10) which provided for a special limitation on the amount allowed as a deduction for self-employed individuals.
Subsec. (e). , § 204(b)(2), (3), struck out references to par. (10) of subsec. (a) wherever appearing.
1962—Subsec. (a)(2). inserted “, or retirement annuities and medical benefits as described in section
,” after “purchase of retirement annuities”, and “, or such retirement annuities and medical benefits” after “such retirement annuities.”
, § 3(a)(1), substituted “(5), (6), (7), and (8), and, if applicable, the requirements of section 401(a)(9) and (10) and of section
(d) (other than paragraph (1)),” for “(5), and (6),”.
Subsecs. (a)(8) to (10). , § 3(a)(2), added pars. (8) to (10).
Subsecs. (e), (f). , § 3(b), added subsecs. (e) and (f).
1958—Subsec. (a). substituted “income); but, if” for “income) but if” preceding par. (1).
Effective Date of 2002 Amendment
Amendment by effective as if included in the provisions of the Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001, , to which such amendment relates, see section 411(x) of , set out as a note under section
of this title.
Effective and Termination Dates of 2001 Amendment
Amendment by section 611(c)(1) of applicable to years beginning after Dec. 31, 2001, see section 611(i)(1) of , set out as a note under section
of this title.
, title VI, § 614(b), June 7, 2001, , provided that: “The amendment made by this section [amending this section] shall apply to years beginning after December 31, 2001.”
, title VI, § 616(c), June 7, 2001, , provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and section
of this title] shall apply to years beginning after December 31, 2001.”
Amendment by section 632(a)(3)(B) of applicable to years beginning after Dec. 31, 2001, see section 632(a)(4) of , set out as a note under section
of this title.
, title VI, § 652(c), June 7, 2001, , provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and section
of this title] shall apply to plan years beginning after December 31, 2001.”
, title VI, § 662(c), June 7, 2001, , provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section] shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2001.”
Amendment by inapplicable to taxable, plan, or limitation years beginning after Dec. 31, 2010, and the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to be applied and administered to such years as if such amendment had never been enacted, see section 901 of , set out as a note under section
of this title.
Effective Date of 1998 Amendment
Amendment by section 6015(d) of effective, except as otherwise provided, as if included in the provisions of the Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997, , to which such amendment relates, see section 6024 of , set out as a note under section
of this title.
, title VII, § 7001(b), July 22, 1998, , provided that:
“(1) In general.—The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall apply to taxable years ending after the date of the enactment of this Act [July 22, 1998].
“(2) Change in method of accounting.—In the case of any taxpayer required by the amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] to change its method of accounting for its first taxable year ending after the date of the enactment of this Act [July 22, 1998]—
“(A) such change shall be treated as initiated by the taxpayer,
“(B) such change shall be treated as made with the consent of the Secretary of the Treasury; and
“(C) the net amount of the adjustments required to be taken into account by the taxpayer under section 481 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 shall be taken into account ratably over the 3-taxable year period beginning with such first taxable year.”
Effective Date of 1997 Amendment
Amendment by section 1530(c)(2) of applicable to transfers made by trusts to, or for the use of, an employee stock ownership plan after Aug. 5, 1997, see section 1530(d) of , set out as a note under section
of this title.
Amendment by section 1601(d)(2)(C) of effective as if included in the provisions of the Small Business Job Protection Act of 1996, , to which it relates, see section 1601(j) of , set out as a note under section
of this title.
Effective Date of 1996 Amendment
Amendment by section 1316(d)(1), (2) of applicable to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 1997, see section 1316(f) of , set out as a note under section
of this title.
Amendment by section 1421(b)(2) of applicable to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 1996, see section 1421(e) of , set out as a note under section
of this title.
Amendment by section 1431(b)(3) of applicable to years beginning after Dec. 31, 1996, see section 1431(d)(2) of , set out as a note under section
of this title.
Section 1461(c) of provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and section
1414 of this title] shall apply to years beginning after December 31, 1996.”
Section 1704(q)(2) of provided that: “The amendment made by paragraph (1) [amending this section] shall take effect as if included in the amendments made by section 713(d)(4)(A) of the Deficit Reduction Act of 1984 [].”
Effective Date of 1993 Amendment
Amendment by applicable, except as otherwise provided, to benefits accruing in plan years beginning after Dec. 31, 1993, see section 13212(d) of , set out as a note under section
of this title.
Effective Date of 1992 Amendment
Amendment by applicable, except as otherwise provided, to distributions after Dec. 31, 1992, see section 522(d) of , set out as a note under section
of this title.
Effective Date of 1990 Amendment
Amendment by applicable to property placed in service after Nov. 5, 1990, but not applicable to any property to which section
of this title does not apply by reason of subsec. (f)(5) of section
, and not applicable to rehabilitation expenditures described in section 252(f)(5) of , see section 11812(c) of , set out as a note under section
of this title.
Effective Date of 1989 Amendment
Section 7302(b) of provided that:
“(1) In general.—The amendment made by this section [amending this section] shall apply to employer securities acquired after August 4, 1989.
“(2) Securities acquired with certain loans.—The amendment made by this section shall not apply to employer securities acquired after August 4, 1989, which are acquired—
“(A) with the proceeds of any loan which was made pursuant to a binding written commitment in effect on August 4, 1989, and at all times thereafter before such loan is made, and
“(B) pursuant to a written binding contract (or tender offer registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission) in effect on August 4, 1989, and at all times thereafter before such securities are acquired.”
Section 7841(b)(2) of provided that: “The amendment made by paragraph (1) [amending this section] shall apply to payments made after January 1, 1986, in taxable years ending after such date.”
Effective Date of 1988 Amendment
Amendment by sections 1011(d)(1), (4), (f)(6), 1011A(e)(4), 1011B(h)(3), (6), and 1018(t)(4)(A), (5) of effective, except as otherwise provided, as if included in the provision of the Tax Reform Act of 1986, , to which such amendment relates, see section 1019(a) of , set out as a note under section
of this title.
Section 2005(e) of , as amended by , title VII, § 7812(d), Dec. 19, 1989, , provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and sections
,
, and
of this title and section
of Title
, Labor] shall take effect as if included in the amendments made by the provisions of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1987 [] to which it relates, except that the amendment made by subsection (a)(1) [amending section
of this title] shall take effect as if included in the amendment made by section 1131(c) of the Tax Reform Act of 1986 [].”
Effective Date of 1987 Amendment
Section 9307(f) of , as amended by , title VII, § 7881(d)(3), Dec. 19, 1989, , provided that:
“(1) In general.—Except as provided in paragraph (2), the amendments made by this section [amending this section and section
of this title and section
of Title
, Labor] shall apply to years beginning after December 31, 1987.
“(2) Amortization of gains and losses.—Sections 412(b)(2)(B)(iv) and 412(b)(3)(B)(ii) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and sections 302(b)(2)(B)(iv) and 302(b)(3)(B)(ii) of the employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 [ U.S.C.
, ()(B)(ii)] (as amended by paragraphs (1)(A) and (2)(A) of subsection (a)) shall apply to gains and losses established in years beginning after December 31, 1987. For purposes of the preceding sentence, any gain or loss determined by a valuation occurring as of January 1, 1988, shall be treated as established in years beginning before 1988, or at the election of the employer, shall be amortized in accordance with Internal Revenue Service Notice 89–52.”
Section 10201(c)(1) of provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and sections
and
of this title, and repealing sections
and
of this title] shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 1987.”
Effective Date of 1986 Amendments
Amendment by section 1106(d)(2) of applicable to benefits accruing in years beginning after Dec. 31, 1988, except as otherwise provided, see section 1106(i)(5) of , set out as a note under section
of this title.
Amendment by section 1108(c) of applicable to years beginning after Dec. 31, 1986, see section 1108(h) of , set out as a note under section
of this title.
Amendment by section 1112(d)(2) of applicable to plan years beginning after Dec. 31, 1988, with special rule regarding collective bargaining agreements ratified before Mar. 1, 1986, and with provision for waiver of excise tax on reversions, see section 1112(e) of , set out as a note under section
of this title.
Section 1131(d) of , as amended by , title I, § 1011A(e)(3), Nov. 10, 1988, , provided that:
“(1) In general.—Except as provided in paragraph (2), the amendments made by this section [enacting section
of this title and amending this section] shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 1986.
“(2) Special rules for collective bargaining agreements.—In the case of a plan maintained pursuant to 1 or more collective bargaining agreements between employee representatives and 1 or more employers ratified before March 1, 1986, the amendments made by this section shall not apply to contributions pursuant to any such agreement for taxable years beginning before the earlier of—
“(A) January 1, 1989, or
“(B) the date on which the last of such collective bargaining agreements terminates (determined without regard to any extension thereof after February 28, 1986).”
Amendment by section 1171(b)(6) of applicable to compensation paid or accrued after Dec. 31, 1986, in taxable years ending after such date, but this section
of this title to continue to apply with respect to credits under section
of this title attributable to compensation paid or accrued before Jan. 1, 1987 (or under section
of this title with respect to qualified investment before Jan. 1, 1983), see section 1171(c) of , set out as a note under section
of this title.
Section 1173(c)(1) of provided that: “The amendments made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall apply to dividends paid in taxable years beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 22, 1986].”
Amendment by sections
1848
(c),
1851
(b)(2)(A)–(C)(ii), and 1854(b)(3)–(5) of effective, except as otherwise provided, as if included in the provisions of the Tax Reform Act of 1984, , div. A, to which such amendment relates, see section 1881 of , set out as a note under section
of this title.
Amendment by section 1854(b)(2) of not applicable to dividends paid before Jan. 1, 1986, if the taxpayer treated such dividends in a manner inconsistent with such amendment on a return filed with the Secretary before Oct. 22, 1986, see section 1854(b)(6) of , set out as a note under section
of this title.
Section 1875(c)(7)(B) of provided that the amendment made by that section is effective with respect to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 1984.
Section 11011(c)(3) of provided that: “The amendments made by this subsection [amending this section] shall apply to payments made after January 1, 1986, in taxable years ending after such date.”
Effective Date of 1984 Amendment
Amendment by section 474(r)(14) of applicable to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 1983, and to carrybacks from such years, see section 475(a) of , set out as a note under section
of this title.
Section 512(c) of provided that:
“(1) In general.—Except as provided in paragraph (2), the amendments made by this section [amending this section and section
of this title] shall apply to amounts paid or incurred after the date of the enactment of this Act [July 18, 1984] in taxable years ending after such date.
“(2) Exception for certain extended vacation pay plans.—In the case of any extended vacation pay plan maintained pursuant to a collective bargaining agreement—
“(A) between employee representatives and 1 or more employers, and
“(B) in effect on June 22, 1984,
the amendments made by this section shall not apply before the date on which such collective bargaining agreement terminates (determined without regard to any extension thereof agreed to after June 22, 1984). For purposes of the preceding sentence, any plan amendment made pursuant to a collective bargaining agreement relating to the plan which amends the plan solely to conform to any requirement added by this section shall not be treated as a termination of such collective bargaining agreement.”
Section 542(d) of provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and sections
and
of this title] shall apply to taxable years beginning after the date of enactment of this Act [July 18, 1984].”
Amendment by section 713 of effective as if included in the provision of the Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act of 1982, , to which such amendment relates, see section 715 of , set out as a note under section
of this title.
Effective Date of 1982 Amendment
Section 253(c) of provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and section
of this title] shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 1981.”
Amendment by section 235(f) of , in the case of any plan which is not in existence on July 1, 1982, applicable to years ending after July 1, 1982, and in the case of any plan which is in existence on July 1, 1982, applicable to years beginning after Dec. 31, 1982, see section 235(g)(1) of , set out as a note under section
of this title.
Amendment by sections 237 and 238 of applicable to years beginning after Dec. 31, 1983, see section 241 of , set out as an Effective Date note under section
of this title.
Effective Date of 1981 Amendment
Amendment by section 312(a) of applicable to plans which include employees within the meaning of section
of this title with respect to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 1981, see section 312(f)(1) of , set out as a note under section
of this title.
Section 331(f)(2) of provided that: “The amendments made by subsections (b) and (c) [amending this section and sections
,
, and
of this title] shall apply to taxable years ending after December 31, 1982.”
Effective Date of 1980 Amendments
Amendment by effective Sept. 26, 1980, see section 210(a) of , set out as an Effective Date note under section
of this title.
Amendment by effective, except as otherwise provided, as if it had been included in the provisions of the Revenue Act of 1978, , to which such amendment relates, see section 201 of , set out as a note under section
of this title.
Effective Date of 1978 Amendment
Section 133(c) of , as amended by , title I, § 101(a)(5), Apr. 1, 1980, ; , § 2, Oct. 22, 1986, , provided that:
“(1) In general.—Except as provided in paragraph (2), the amendments made by this section [amending this section] shall apply to deductions for taxable years beginning after December 31, 1978.
“(2) Special rule for certain title insurance companies.—
“(A) In general.—In the case of a qualified title insurance company plan, the amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall apply to deductions for taxable years beginning after December 31, 1979.
“(B) Qualified title insurance company plan.—For purposes of subparagraph (A), the term ‘qualified title insurance company plan’ means a plan of a qualified title insurance company—
“(i) which defers the payment of amounts credited by such company to separate accounts for members of such company in consideration of their issuance of policies of title insurance, and
“(ii) under which no part of such amounts is payable to or withdrawable by the members until after the period for the adverse possession of real property under applicable State law.
“(C) Qualified title insurance company.—For purposes of subparagraph (B), the term ‘qualified title insurance company’ means an unincorporated title insurance company organized as a business trust—
“(i) which is engaged in the business of providing title insurance coverage on interests in and liens upon real property obtained by clients of the members of such company, and
“(ii) which is subject to tax under section 831 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 [formerly I.R.C. 1954].”
Amendment by section 141(f)(9) of effective with respect to qualified investment for taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 1978, see section 141(g)(1) of , set out as an Effective Date note under section
of this title.
Amendment by section 152(f) of applicable to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 1978, see section 152(h) of , set out as a note under section
of this title.
Effective Date of 1976 Amendments
Amendment by section 1502(a)(2) of effective for taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 1975, see section 1502(b) of , set out as a note under section
of this title.
Amendment by section 1901(a)(59) of effective for taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 1976, see section 1901(d) of , set out as a note under section
of this title.
Amendment by applicable with respect to payments made to an employee on or after July 4, 1974, see section 1(e) of , set out as a note under section
of this title.
Effective Date of 1974 Amendment
Amendment by sections 1013(c) and 1016(a)(3) of applicable, except as otherwise provided in section 1017(c) through (i) of , for plan years beginning after Sept. 2, 1974, but, in the case of plans in existence on Jan. 1, 1974, amendment by sections 1013(c) and 1016(a)(3) of applicable for plan years beginning after Dec. 31, 1975, see section 1017 of , set out as an Effective Date; Transitional Rules note under section
of this title.
Section 2001(i)(1) of provided that: “The amendments made by subsections (a) [amending this section] and (b) [amending section
of this title] apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 1973.”
Amendment by section 2001(g)(2)(E), (F) of applicable to distributions made in taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 1975, see section 2001(i)(5) of , set out as a note under section
of this title.
Section 2008(c) of provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section] shall apply to taxable years ending on or after June 30, 1972.”
Amendment by section 2004(b), (c)(1) of applicable to years beginning after Dec. 31, 1975, see section 2004(d) of , set out as an Effective Date; Transition Provisions note under section
of this title.
Amendment by section 4081(a) of effective on Sept. 2, 1974, with exceptions specified in section
, (c) of Title
, Labor, see section
of Title
.
Effective Date of 1969 Amendment
Amendment by applicable with respect to contributions made and premiums paid after Aug. 1, 1969, see section 321(d) of , set out as an Effective Date note under section
of this title.
Effective Date of 1966 Amendment
Amendment by applicable with respect to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 1967, see section 204(d) of , set out as a note under section
of this title.
Effective Date of 1962 Amendments
Amendment by applicable to taxable years beginning after Oct. 23, 1962, see section 2(c) of , set out as a note under section
of this title.
Amendment by applicable to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 1962, see section 8 of , set out as a note under section
of this title.
Effective Date of 1958 Amendment
Amendment by applicable to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 1953, and ending after Aug. 16, 1954, see section 1(c)(1) of , set out as a note under section
of this title.
Regulations
Secretary of the Treasury or his delegate to issue before Feb. 1, 1988, final regulations to carry out amendments made by section 1112 of , see section 1141 of , set out as a note under section
of this title.
Savings Provision
For provisions that nothing in amendment by be construed to affect treatment of certain transactions occurring, property acquired, or items of income, loss, deduction, or credit taken into account prior to Nov. 5, 1990, for purposes of determining liability for tax for periods ending after Nov. 5, 1990, see section 11821(b) of , set out as a note under section
of this title.
Clarification of Treatment of Contributions to Multiemployer Plan
, title VI, § 658, June 7, 2001, , provided that:
“(a) Not Considered Method of Accounting.—For purposes of section 446 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, a determination under section 404(a)(6) of such Code regarding the taxable year with respect to which a contribution to a multiemployer pension plan is deemed made shall not be treated as a method of accounting of the taxpayer. No deduction shall be allowed for any taxable year for any contribution to a multiemployer pension plan with respect to which a deduction was previously allowed.
“(b) Regulations.—The Secretary of the Treasury shall promulgate such regulations as necessary to clarify that a taxpayer shall not be allowed an aggregate amount of deductions for contributions to a multiemployer pension plan which exceeds the amount of such contributions made or deemed made under section 404(a)(6) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to such plan.
“(c) Effective Date.—Subsection (a), and any regulations promulgated under subsection (b), shall be effective for years ending after the date of the enactment of this Act [June 7, 2001].”
Plan Amendments Not Required Until January 1, 1998
For provisions directing that if any amendments made by subtitle D [§§ 1401–1465] of title I of require an amendment to any plan or annuity contract, such amendment shall not be required to be made before the first day of the first plan year beginning on or after Jan. 1, 1998, see section 1465 of , set out as a note under section
of this title.
Plan Amendments Not Required Until January 1, 1994
For provisions directing that if any amendments made by subtitle B [§§ 521–523] of title V of require an amendment to any plan, such plan amendment shall not be required to be made before the first plan year beginning on or after Jan. 1, 1994, see section 523 of , set out as a note under section
of this title.
Plan Amendments Not Required Until January 1, 1989
For provisions directing that if any amendments made by subtitle A or subtitle C of title XI [§§ 1101–1147 and
1171–1177] or title XVIII [§§ 1800–1899A] of require an amendment to any plan, such plan amendment shall not be required to be made before the first plan year beginning on or after Jan. 1, 1989, see section 1140 of , as amended, set out as a note under section
of this title.
Coordination of Repeals of Certain Sections
Section 713(d)(8) of , as amended by , § 2, Oct. 22, 1986, , provided that: “Sections 404(e) and 1379(b) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 [formerly I.R.C. 1954] (as in effect on the day before the date of the enactment of the Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act of 1982 [Sept. 3, 1982]) shall not apply to any plan to which section 401(j) of such Code applies (or would apply but for its repeal).”
Deductibility of Payments to Plan by Corporation Operating Public Transportation System Acquired by State
Section 408 of , as amended by , § 2, Oct. 22, 1986, , provided that:
“(a) For purposes of subsection (g) of section
of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 [formerly I.R.C. 1954] (relating to certain employer liability payments considered as contributions), as amended by section 205 of this Act, any payment made to a plan covering employees of a corporation operating a public transportation system shall be treated as a payment described in paragraph (1) of such subsection if—
“(1) such payment is made to fund accrued benefits under the plan in conjunction with an acquisition by a State (or agency or instrumentality thereof) of the stock or assets of such corporation, and
“(2) such acquisition is pursuant to a State public transportation law enacted after June 30, 1979, and before January 1, 1980.
“(b) The provisions of this section shall apply to payments made after June 29, 1980.”
Year of Deduction for Certain employer Contributions for Severance Payments Required by Foreign Law
Section 1022(j) of , as amended by , § 2, Oct. 22, 1986, , provided that: “Effective for taxable years beginning after December 31, 1973, if—
“(1) an employer is engaged in a trade or business in a foreign country,
“(2) such employer is required by the laws of that country to make payments, based on periods of service, to its employees or their beneficiaries after the employees’ retirement, death, or other separation from the service, and
“(3) such employer establishes a trust (whether organized within or outside the United States) for the purpose of funding the payments required by such law,
then, in determining for purposes of paragraph (5) of section 404(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 [formerly I.R.C. 1954] the taxable year in which any contribution to or under the plan is includible in the gross income of the nonresident alien employees of such employer, such paragraph (5) shall be treated as not requiring that separate accounts be maintained for such nonresident alien employees.”
Section Referred to in Other Sections
This section is referred to in sections
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
of this title; title
sections
,
,
,
; title
section
; title
sections
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
.
StaffMarket has no control over and does not endorse any external Internet site that contains links to or references StaffMarket. Users are advised to visit http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/ for the most current US Code information.
HR Outsourcing, PEO and Employee Leasing Information at StaffMarket